Articles

Answers to the questions people ask most, each fact linked to an official source.

All countries

• Which Countries Offer Citizenship by Descent Through a Grandparent or Great-Grandparent? All countries
• Can You Hold Dual Citizenship With the U.S. and Another Country? All countries
• Will Claiming Citizenship by Descent Make Me Lose U.S. Citizenship? All countries
• Which Passport Do Dual Citizens Use to Enter the U.S.? All countries
• How Long Does Citizenship by Descent Take? Country-by-Country Processing Times All countries
• How to Get Old Birth, Marriage and Death Records for a Citizenship by Descent Application All countries
• Getting a Second Citizenship by Descent: What Changes for Your U.S. Taxes? All countries

Canada

• Canadian Citizenship for Great-Grandchildren After Bill C-3 Canada
• What Was Canada's First-Generation Limit, and Is It Gone? Canada
• Canada's 1,095-Day Rule for Children Born Abroad After December 15, 2025 Canada
• CIT 0001: Canadian Citizenship Certificate Fee, Online vs. Paper Canada
• How Long Does Canadian Proof of Citizenship Take? Canada
• Missing an Ancestor's Birth Certificate? What IRCC Accepts Instead Canada
• Bill C-3 Made Me Canadian and I Don't Want It: Can I Renounce? Canada
• Adopted Abroad by a Canadian? Citizenship After Bill C-3 Canada
• Is a Canadian Citizenship Certificate a Travel Document? Canada
• How to Search Canadian Citizenship Records for Yourself or an Ancestor (CIT 0058) Canada
• Can You Get a Canadian Citizenship Certificate Faster? IRCC Urgent Processing Canada
• Got Your Canadian Citizenship Certificate? Applying for a First Passport From the U.S. Canada

Ireland

• Irish Citizenship Through a Grandparent: Foreign Birth Registration Basics Ireland
• Can You Get Irish Citizenship Through a Great-Grandparent? Ireland
• How Long Does Irish Foreign Birth Registration Take? Ireland
• Irish Foreign Birth Registration Documents Checklist (Grandparent Route) Ireland
• Irish Passport After Foreign Birth Registration: Documents, Fees and Timeline Ireland
• Grandparent Born in Northern Ireland? You Can Still Use Irish Foreign Birth Registration Ireland
• I Got Irish Citizenship Through Foreign Birth Registration. Can My Children Get It Too? Ireland

Italy

• Italian Citizenship by Descent After the 2025 Changes Italy
• Italy's March 27, 2025 Cutoff: Do the Old Citizenship Rules Still Apply to You? Italy

Germany

• Germany's Generational Cut-Off for Children Born Abroad Germany
• Can You Keep Another Citizenship as a German? The June 2024 Change Germany
• German Citizenship Restoration Under Article 116(2) for Descendants of Persecuted Germans Germany
• Section 15 StAG: German Citizenship for Descendants When an Ancestor Fled Nazi Persecution Germany
• How to Prove You're Already German: The BVA Citizenship Certificate (Feststellung) Germany
• Why Are German Article 116 Applications Delayed? The BVA's October 2026 Notice Germany

Poland

• How to Confirm Polish Citizenship by Descent Poland
• Dual Citizenship in Poland: What It Means to Be Treated as Polish Only Poland
• How Polish Ancestors Lost Citizenship Before 1999 Poland
• How to Transcribe a U.S. Birth Certificate Into the Polish Civil Registry (Transkrypcja) Poland
• Getting Your First Polish Passport From the U.S. After Confirming Citizenship Poland