Canada
What Was Canada's First-Generation Limit, and Is It Gone?
Before Bill C-3, Canadian citizenship by descent was limited to the first generation born outside Canada. This was called the first-generation limit. Source: canada.ca
The Ontario Superior Court of Justice found parts of the limit unconstitutional on December 19, 2023, and the government didn't appeal. Source: Government of Canada
Bill C-3 received royal assent on November 20, 2025 and came into effect on December 15, 2025. Source: Government of Canada It removed the limit in some situations, and for births on or after that date replaced it with a 1,095-day test for parents born abroad. Source: canada.ca
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